Abiu

the fruit and bark contain triterpenoids and other compounds that reduce inflammation, inhibit the enzyme linked to Alzheimer's, fight a broad range of bacteria, and show activity against oral cancer. the traditional use for coughs, fevers, and bronchitis aligns with documented antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. the leaf extract has tyrosinase-inhibiting compounds relevant to skin brightening.

in the bark of mature abiu, 42 bioactive compounds were detected including 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and trans-geranylgeraniol — both utilized in cancer treatment research.

GC-MS analysis identified 19 compounds from hexane extracts primarily comprising volatiles and fatty acids — palmitic, elaidic, and linoleic acids most abundant. methanolic extracts revealed 17 compounds including catechin and its derivatives. the peel contained the highest phenolic content and antioxidant activity, followed by pulp and seeds.

leaf extracts yielded spinasterol — a phytosterol with documented anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antiulcer activity.

extracts from seed, skin, and pulp inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity, the same target as Alzheimer's drugs donepezil and galantamine. inhibiting this enzyme increases available acetylcholine in neural synapses, supporting memory and cognitive function.

silver nanoparticles synthesized from abiu fruit extract showed oral cancer-preventive effectiveness against chemically induced oral carcinogenesis, with core-shell nanoparticles showing superior anticancer and antioxidant effects and potential as a drug delivery vehicle.

abiu leaves contain hydroquinone derivatives that inhibit the enzyme tyrosinase, reducing melanin synthesis and promoting skin brightening.

100g of abiu fruit provides vitamin A, vitamin C, niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, phosphorus, calcium, and iron alongside carbohydrates and moderate protein.