used in folk medicine for spider and snakebites, bronchitis, dysentery, gastroenteritis, syphilis, diarrhea, and malaria.

two new phytosteroids never previously described in science were isolated from the leaves, named anonimadiol A and B. anonimadiol A at 20 µg/mL showed cytotoxicity against HeLa cells with 20.2% cell viability remaining (meaning 79.8% of cervical cancer cells were killed). IC50 against HeLa was 11.21 µg/mL.
for reference, most compounds with IC50 below 20 µg/mL against HeLa are considered highly active.

anonimadiol A showed 50% inhibition concentration of 11.21 µg/mL against Plasmodium falciparum — the parasite responsible for the most lethal form of malaria.

anonimadiol A showed a notable MIC90 of 39.4 µg/mL against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra — and had active MICs against Salmonella typhi (60 µg/mL) and Candida albicans (250 µg/mL), with the Salmonella activity outperforming ciprofloxacin (39 vs 39 µg/mL — roughly equivalent).

tldr: very effective anti-cancer compounds in junglesop extracts.

rats treated with A. mannii extract at 50 and 150 mg/kg showed reduced breast tumor incidence by 28%, tumor burden reduction of 95.34% (50 mg/kg) and 99.14% (150 mg/kg), and tumor volume reduction of approximately 92% in a DMBA-induced breast cancer model. the extract decreased MDA and nitrite levels but increased SOD activity in the mammary gland.

A. mannii leaf extract showed IC50 of 9.14 µg/mL against U87MG.ΔEGFR cells (an EGFR-overexpressing glioblastoma line) and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest across 8 out of 9 cancer cell lines tested — including drug-resistant lines. EGFR overexpression is one of the primary mechanisms by which cancers evade targeted therapy. hitting that cell line at 9 µg/mL while also inducing cell cycle arrest is significant.

anti-schistosomal -

a new alkaloid named manniindole was isolated from the roots alongside aristolactam AII, aristolactam BII, piperolactam D, and polycarpol. aristolactam AII showed worm-killing capability against Schistosoma mansoni. piperolactam D showed significant inhibition of SmNACE — a NAD+-catabolizing enzyme localized on the outer surface of the adult schistosome parasite.