Wind and hail damage
Wind and hail damage occurs when plants are exposed to strong winds or hailstorms, leading to physical injuries such as broken stems, torn leaves, and bruised fruits. These injuries can affect the plant's appearance and growth but are not caused by pathogens.
What you see
Wind and hail damage is a common issue for plants exposed to severe weather conditions. Strong winds can cause mechanical stress, leading to broken branches, uprooted plants, and torn leaves. Hailstones can bruise or puncture leaves and fruits, leaving them susceptible to secondary infections. Unlike diseases caused by pathogens, wind and hail damage result from physical forces and are not infectious. The extent of damage depends on the intensity and duration of the weather event, as well as the plant's resilience. Young plants and those with tender foliage are particularly vulnerable. While the damage can be unsightly, it is often superficial and does not necessarily affect the plant's long-term health. Identifying wind and hail damage involves looking for irregular tears, holes, and bruises on plant surfaces. Unlike disease symptoms, there is no progression of symptoms like wilting or discoloration due to pathogen activity. With proper care, most plants can recover from wind and hail damage over time.
Symptoms
- Broken stems or branches
- Torn or shredded leaves
- Bruised or punctured fruits
- Holes in leaves
- Leaf drop
Why it happens
Physical damage caused by strong winds and hailstones.
Conditions that favour it
- Severe thunderstorms
- Hailstorms
- High wind events
- Exposed locations
- Lack of windbreaks
Plants most affected
- Tomato
- Pepper
- Corn
- Lettuce
- Cucumber
- Sunflower
- Rose
- Ornamental trees
- Fruit trees
- Vines
How to correct it
Educational information only, and not a substitute for professional diagnosis. Identify the problem before treating it, and check that any product is registered for this plant and this use where you live.
Cultural control
- Prune damaged stems and branches
- Stake or support vulnerable plants
- Remove severely damaged leaves
- Improve plant spacing for better airflow
Prevention
- Install windbreaks or barriers
- Use protective coverings during storms
- Plant in sheltered locations
- Select wind-resistant plant varieties