Rosemary
Salvia rosmarinus
Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus) is a fragrant herb native to the Mediterranean, cherished for its culinary and medicinal uses. Its aromatic leaves and attractive growth habit make it a popular choice for gardens and containers.
Everything it needs
9 essentials at a glance
Watering
Rosemary prefers to dry out between waterings.
Water deeply once every 1-2 weeks, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out completely before the next watering. In winter, reduce watering to once every 3-4 weeks. Signs of over-watering include yellowing leaves and root rot, while under-watering may cause browning leaf tips and wilting.
Light
Rosemary thrives in full sun, requiring at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily.
Ideal placement is in a south-facing window or outdoors in a sunny garden. It can tolerate partial shade but may become leggy and less aromatic in lower light conditions.
Soil
Well-draining soil is essential for rosemary, with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0.
A recommended potting mix includes a blend of potting soil, sand, and perlite to enhance drainage. Avoid heavy, clay soils that retain moisture.
Humidity
Rosemary prefers low to moderate humidity levels, ideally around 30-50%.
To increase humidity, mist the leaves or place a humidity tray nearby. Signs of humidity stress include browning leaf tips and leaf drop.
Temperature
Rosemary thrives in temperatures between 65-75°F (18-24°C) during the day and can tolerate cooler nights down to 50°F (10°C).
It is hardy in zones 8-10, with some varieties able to survive in zone 7 with protection. Avoid extreme heat above 90°F (32°C) and frost conditions.
Fertilizing
Use a balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or a low-nitrogen fertilizer.
Fertilize every 4-6 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer) and reduce or stop in fall and winter. Signs of nutrient deficiency include yellowing leaves and stunted growth.
Pruning
Prune rosemary in early spring to encourage bushy growth and remove any dead or damaged stems.
Use clean, sharp pruning shears and cut just above a leaf node. Deadheading is not necessary, but removing spent flowers can promote further growth.
Repotting
Repot rosemary every 1-2 years or when it becomes root-bound.
Choose a pot that is 1-2 inches larger in diameter. Signs it needs repotting include roots growing out of the drainage holes and stunted growth. To repot, gently remove the plant from its pot, loosen any tightly bound roots, and place it in fresh potting mix.
Propagation
Rosemary can be propagated through stem cuttings or seeds.
For stem cuttings, take a 4-6 inch cutting from a healthy plant, remove the lower leaves, and place it in a pot with moist potting mix. Keep the cutting in a warm, bright location, and roots should develop in 2-4 weeks. Seeds can be sown in spring, requiring light for germination.
When it's unhappy
Yellow leaves
Why it happens
Over-watering or poor drainage.
How to fix it
Allow the soil to dry out between waterings and ensure the pot has adequate drainage.
Browning leaf tips
Why it happens
Under-watering or low humidity.
How to fix it
Increase watering frequency and humidity levels, especially in dry environments.
Leggy growth
Why it happens
Insufficient light.
How to fix it
Move the plant to a brighter location to ensure it receives at least 6-8 hours of sunlight.
Root rot
Why it happens
Excess moisture in the soil.
How to fix it
Reduce watering and improve drainage. If severe, repot into fresh, dry soil.
Pests (aphids, spider mites)
Why it happens
Dry conditions and stress.
How to fix it
Increase humidity and use insecticidal soap or neem oil to treat infestations.
Care through the year
Spring
In spring, prune rosemary to encourage new growth and apply a balanced fertilizer every 4-6 weeks to support its active growing season.
Summer
During summer, ensure rosemary receives adequate water, especially in hot weather. Monitor for pests and provide shade if temperatures exceed 90°F (32°C).
Fall
In fall, reduce watering as the plant enters dormancy. Prepare for cooler temperatures by moving potted rosemary indoors if necessary.
Winter
In winter, water sparingly, allowing the soil to dry out completely between waterings. Keep the plant in a bright location, away from drafts and heating vents.
Toxicity & Safety
Rosemary is generally considered non-toxic to pets and children. However, ingestion of large quantities may cause gastrointestinal upset. The leaves and stems are safe, but essential oils should be kept out of reach.
Good to know
Why are my rosemary leaves turning yellow?
Yellow leaves on rosemary are often a sign of over-watering or poor drainage. Ensure the soil dries out between waterings and check that the pot has proper drainage holes.
How often should I water my rosemary?
Water rosemary once every 1-2 weeks, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out completely before watering again. In winter, reduce watering to once every 3-4 weeks.
What type of soil is best for rosemary?
Rosemary prefers well-draining soil with a pH of 6.0 to 7.0. A mix of potting soil, sand, and perlite is ideal to ensure proper drainage.
Can rosemary survive winter outdoors?
Rosemary is hardy in zones 8-10 and can survive mild winters outdoors. In colder climates, it is best to bring the plant indoors or provide protection from frost.
How do I propagate rosemary?
You can propagate rosemary through stem cuttings or seeds. For cuttings, take a 4-6 inch stem, remove lower leaves, and place it in moist potting mix until roots develop.
What pests affect rosemary plants?
Common pests include aphids and spider mites, which thrive in dry conditions. Regularly inspect your plant and treat infestations with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
How do I prune my rosemary plant?
Prune rosemary in early spring to promote bushy growth. Use clean, sharp shears to cut just above a leaf node, removing any dead or damaged stems.
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