commonly known as physic nut or purging nut, is a plant with multiple medicinal uses and bioactive properties.

Anti-inflammatory.

exhibits antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties, effective against pathogens like Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

The latex from jatropha is traditionally applied to cuts and wounds to promote faster healing and prevent infections.

The seeds of the plant act as a strong purgative, historically used to treat constipation. However, this effect must be handled cautiously due to potential toxicity. Only use in low doses.

extracts of jatropha may inhibit the growth of certain cancer cell lines due to bioactive compounds like diterpenes and phenolic acids.

latex and extracts have analgesic properties, offering relief from localized pain and inflammation.

Anti-malarial.

used to treat eczema, ringworm, and other skin infections.

leaf extracts may help lower blood sugar levels.

jatropha latex accelerates wound closure and reduces inflammation.

Toxicological studies emphasize the need for careful use due to the presence of phorbol esters, which can cause gastrointestinal distress and other side effects if consumed raw or improperly prepared.

Oil obtained from the seeds are used in the treatment of skin diseases and rheumatic pains. It also stimulates hair growth. The root bark is used for sores, dysentery, and jaundice.

Active Compounds:

Phorbol Esters: Bioactive but toxic, with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects in controlled doses.

Flavonoids and Tannins: Provide antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.

Diterpenes and Saponins: Contribute to antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.

Jatropha seeds and raw latex are toxic and should not be consumed without proper processing.

Jatropha seeds are rich in oil (30–50%), which can be processed into biodiesel.

The seed oil is used in the production of soap and cosmetic products due to its emollient properties, though proper processing is required to remove toxins.

natural lubricant in various industrial settings.

byproducts of seed pressing (oil cakes) are high in nitrogen and can be used as organic fertilizer to enrich soil.

leaves and seeds have been used as natural pesticides and insect repellents in agricultural settings.

jatropha oil has been used in oil lamps as a source of light in rural areas.

extracts from Jatropha seeds, leaves, or bark have been used as herbal contraceptives for both men and women.

seed and latex extracts, exhibit spermicidal activity. These compounds may immobilize or kill sperm, making them a candidate for use in contraceptive formulations.