Tamarillo
Solanum betaceum
Tamarillo, also known as Tree Tomato, is a unique fruit-bearing plant native to South America. With its vibrant fruits and lush foliage, it adds beauty and flavor to gardens. Ideal for intermediate gardeners, it thrives in warm climates and requires specific care for optimal growth.
Everything it needs
9 essentials at a glance
Watering
Tamarillo plants prefer consistently moist soil but should not be waterlogged.
Water deeply once a week during the growing season, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings. In hotter months, increase frequency to twice a week. Signs of over-watering include yellowing leaves and root rot, while under-watering may cause wilting and leaf drop.
Light
Tamarillo thrives in full sun, requiring at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily.
Ideal placement is in a south-facing garden or near a bright window indoors. While it can tolerate partial shade, insufficient light may result in poor fruit production.
Soil
The ideal soil for Tamarillo is well-draining, rich in organic matter, with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0.
A recommended potting mix includes equal parts of compost, peat moss, and perlite to ensure proper drainage.
Humidity
Tamarillo prefers moderate to high humidity levels, ideally between 50-70%.
To increase humidity, mist the leaves regularly or place a humidifier nearby. Signs of humidity stress include browning leaf tips and leaf drop.
Temperature
Tamarillo thrives in temperatures between 65-85°F (18-29°C) and is sensitive to frost.
It is best suited for USDA hardiness zones 10-12. Protect the plant from temperatures below 50°F (10°C) and provide shade during extreme heat.
Fertilizing
Use a balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or 14-14-14.
Fertilize every 4-6 weeks during the growing season, reducing frequency in fall and winter. Signs of nutrient deficiency include yellowing leaves (nitrogen), poor fruit set (phosphorus), and stunted growth (potassium).
Pruning
Prune Tamarillo in late winter or early spring to encourage bushy growth and remove any dead or damaged branches.
Use clean, sharp pruning shears to make clean cuts. Deadheading is not necessary, but removing spent flowers can promote better fruiting.
Repotting
Repot Tamarillo every 1-2 years or when it becomes root-bound.
Signs it needs repotting include roots growing out of the drainage holes and stunted growth. Choose a pot 1-2 inches larger in diameter, and follow these steps: gently remove the plant from its current pot, loosen the roots, place it in the new pot with fresh soil, and water thoroughly.
Propagation
Tamarillo can be propagated through seeds or stem cuttings.
For seeds, sow them in a seed-starting mix and keep moist until germination, which takes 2-3 weeks. For stem cuttings, take 6-inch cuttings from healthy plants, remove lower leaves, and place them in water or moist soil until roots develop, usually 4-6 weeks. The best time for propagation is in spring.
When it's unhappy
Yellow leaves
Why it happens
This can be caused by over-watering or nutrient deficiency.
How to fix it
Check soil moisture and adjust watering habits. If nutrient deficiency is suspected, apply a balanced fertilizer.
Fruit drop
Why it happens
Insufficient pollination or stress from temperature fluctuations.
How to fix it
Ensure proper pollination by gently shaking the plant or using a soft brush. Maintain stable temperatures and humidity levels.
Pests (aphids, spider mites)
Why it happens
These pests are attracted to the plant due to stress or poor care.
How to fix it
Regularly inspect the plant and treat infestations with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Root rot
Why it happens
Over-watering or poorly draining soil.
How to fix it
Allow the soil to dry out and improve drainage. If necessary, repot the plant in fresh, well-draining soil.
Wilting leaves
Why it happens
Under-watering or extreme heat.
How to fix it
Check soil moisture and water thoroughly if dry. Provide shade during peak heat to prevent stress.
Care through the year
Spring
In spring, focus on fertilizing and watering regularly as the plant begins to grow actively. Monitor for pests and prune any dead branches.
Summer
During summer, ensure adequate watering and provide shade during extreme heat. This is the fruiting season, so maintain humidity and watch for pollination.
Fall
In fall, reduce watering as growth slows down. Continue to monitor for pests and prepare the plant for cooler temperatures.
Winter
In winter, protect the plant from frost and reduce watering. If indoors, ensure it receives enough light and maintain a stable temperature.
Toxicity & Safety
Tamarillo is generally considered non-toxic to pets and children. However, unripe fruit can cause gastrointestinal upset if ingested in large quantities. Symptoms may include nausea and vomiting.
Good to know
How often should I water my Tamarillo?
Water your Tamarillo once a week, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings. In hotter months, increase to twice a week.
Why are my Tamarillo leaves turning yellow?
Yellow leaves can indicate over-watering or a nutrient deficiency. Check soil moisture and consider fertilizing if needed.
What is the best soil for Tamarillo?
Tamarillo prefers well-draining soil rich in organic matter, with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. A mix of compost, peat moss, and perlite works well.
How do I propagate Tamarillo?
You can propagate Tamarillo from seeds or stem cuttings. For seeds, sow in a seed-starting mix. For cuttings, take 6-inch stems and root them in water or soil.
What temperature does Tamarillo prefer?
Tamarillo thrives in temperatures between 65-85°F (18-29°C) and should be protected from frost and extreme heat.
How can I increase humidity for my Tamarillo?
To increase humidity, mist the leaves regularly or use a humidifier. Placing a tray of water near the plant can also help.
When should I prune my Tamarillo?
Prune Tamarillo in late winter or early spring to encourage bushy growth and remove any dead or damaged branches.
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