Devil's Backbone
Kalanchoe daigremontiana
Kalanchoe daigremontiana, commonly known as Devil's Backbone, is a striking succulent native to Madagascar. Its unique leaf structure and easy care make it a popular choice for indoor gardeners.
Everything it needs
9 essentials at a glance
Watering
Kalanchoe daigremontiana prefers to dry out between waterings.
Water thoroughly when the top inch of soil feels dry, typically every 2-3 weeks in the growing season (spring and summer) and less frequently in the dormant season (fall and winter). Signs of over-watering include yellowing leaves and mushy stems, while under-watering may cause the leaves to shrivel and drop.
Light
This plant thrives in bright, indirect light but can tolerate some direct sunlight.
Ideally, it should receive 6-8 hours of light daily. Too little light can lead to leggy growth, while too much direct sun can scorch the leaves.
Soil
Kalanchoe daigremontiana prefers well-draining soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0.
A cactus or succulent potting mix is ideal, or you can create your own by mixing regular potting soil with sand and perlite to enhance drainage.
Humidity
This plant prefers low to moderate humidity levels, ideally between 30-50%.
To increase humidity, you can mist the leaves occasionally or place a humidity tray nearby. Signs of low humidity stress include browning leaf tips and wilting.
Temperature
Kalanchoe daigremontiana thrives in temperatures between 65-80°F (18-27°C) and is hardy in zones 10-11.
It can tolerate brief periods of cooler temperatures down to 50°F (10°C) but should be protected from frost.
Fertilizing
Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or a cactus fertilizer.
Fertilize every 4-6 weeks during the growing season and reduce to once every 2-3 months in the winter. Signs of nutrient deficiency include stunted growth and pale leaves.
Pruning
Prune Kalanchoe daigremontiana in early spring to remove any dead or damaged leaves and to shape the plant.
Use clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears. Deadheading is not necessary, but you can remove spent flowers to encourage new growth.
Repotting
Repot every 2-3 years or when the plant outgrows its pot.
Signs it needs repotting include roots growing out of the drainage holes or stunted growth. When repotting, choose a pot one size larger and refresh the soil to ensure proper drainage.
Propagation
Propagation can be done through leaf cuttings or offsets.
To propagate, take a healthy leaf or offset, allow it to callous over for a few days, then plant it in well-draining soil. Water lightly until roots develop, which usually takes a few weeks. The best time for propagation is during the spring or early summer.
When it's unhappy
Yellow leaves
Why it happens
Over-watering or insufficient light.
How to fix it
Reduce watering frequency and ensure the plant receives adequate light.
Shriveling leaves
Why it happens
Under-watering or low humidity.
How to fix it
Increase watering frequency and consider misting the plant or using a humidity tray.
Leggy growth
Why it happens
Insufficient light.
How to fix it
Move the plant to a brighter location to encourage bushier growth.
Root rot
Why it happens
Poor drainage or over-watering.
How to fix it
Ensure the pot has drainage holes, reduce watering, and consider repotting in fresh soil.
Leaf drop
Why it happens
Sudden temperature changes or stress.
How to fix it
Maintain a stable environment and avoid placing the plant near drafts or heating vents.
Care through the year
Spring
In spring, resume regular watering and fertilizing as the plant begins its active growth phase. Prune any dead or damaged leaves to encourage new growth.
Summer
During summer, ensure the plant receives plenty of bright light and monitor watering closely, as it may need more frequent watering in warmer temperatures.
Fall
In fall, gradually reduce watering as the plant enters dormancy. Stop fertilizing and prepare for cooler temperatures.
Winter
In winter, keep the plant in a warm location and water sparingly. Avoid placing it near drafts or heating vents to prevent stress.
Toxicity & Safety
Kalanchoe daigremontiana is toxic to pets, particularly cats and dogs, as well as to children. The leaves contain compounds that can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal issues if ingested.
Good to know
Why are my Kalanchoe daigremontiana leaves turning yellow?
Yellow leaves are often a sign of over-watering or insufficient light. Check the soil moisture and ensure the plant is getting enough light.
How often should I water my Kalanchoe daigremontiana?
Water your Kalanchoe every 2-3 weeks, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out completely between waterings.
Can I propagate Kalanchoe daigremontiana from a leaf?
Yes, you can propagate it from a leaf cutting. Allow the leaf to callous over for a few days before planting it in well-draining soil.
What is the ideal temperature for Kalanchoe daigremontiana?
This plant thrives in temperatures between 65-80°F (18-27°C) and should be protected from temperatures below 50°F (10°C).
Is Kalanchoe daigremontiana toxic to pets?
Yes, Kalanchoe daigremontiana is toxic to pets, particularly cats and dogs, and can cause gastrointestinal issues if ingested.
How do I encourage bushier growth in my Kalanchoe?
To encourage bushier growth, ensure your plant receives adequate light and consider pinching back the tips of the stems to promote branching.
When should I repot my Kalanchoe daigremontiana?
Repot your Kalanchoe every 2-3 years or when you notice roots growing out of the drainage holes or stunted growth.
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