Du Zhong
Eucommia Ulmoides
Eucommia ulmoides, commonly known as Du Zhong, is a hardy tree native to China, valued for its medicinal properties and resilience. This unique plant is often grown for its attractive foliage and ability to thrive in various conditions, making it a popular choice for gardeners.
Everything it needs
9 essentials at a glance
Watering
Eucommia ulmoides prefers consistently moist soil but can tolerate short periods of drought.
Water deeply once a week during the growing season (spring and summer), allowing the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings. In fall and winter, reduce watering to every 10-14 days. Signs of over-watering include yellowing leaves and root rot, while under-watering may cause leaf drop and wilting.
Light
This plant thrives in full sun to partial shade.
Ideally, it should receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. While it can tolerate some shade, too little light may hinder growth and flowering. A south-facing location is recommended for optimal light exposure.
Soil
Eucommia ulmoides prefers well-draining soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5.
A mix of loamy soil, sand, and organic matter is ideal. Ensure good drainage to prevent waterlogging, which can lead to root rot. A recommended potting mix includes equal parts potting soil, perlite, and compost.
Humidity
This plant prefers moderate humidity levels between 40-60%.
To increase humidity, consider misting the leaves or placing a humidity tray filled with water and pebbles beneath the pot. Signs of low humidity include browning leaf tips and increased susceptibility to pests.
Temperature
Eucommia ulmoides thrives in temperatures between 60-80°F (15-27°C).
It is hardy in USDA zones 4-8, tolerating cold down to -20°F (-29°C). During extreme heat, ensure the plant is adequately watered, while in winter, protect it from harsh winds and frost.
Fertilizing
Use a balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 during the growing season, applying every 4-6 weeks.
In fall, reduce fertilization frequency as the plant enters dormancy. Signs of nutrient deficiency include yellowing leaves (nitrogen), poor growth (phosphorus), and leaf drop (potassium).
Pruning
Prune Eucommia ulmoides in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.
Use sharp, clean pruning shears to remove dead or damaged branches and to shape the plant. Regular pruning encourages bushier growth and improves air circulation. Deadheading is not necessary as it does not produce showy flowers.
Repotting
Repot every 2-3 years or when the plant becomes root-bound.
Signs it needs repotting include roots growing out of the drainage holes and stunted growth. Choose a pot 1-2 inches larger in diameter. Carefully remove the plant from its pot, loosen the roots, and place it in fresh potting mix, ensuring it is at the same soil level as before.
Propagation
Propagation can be achieved through seeds or cuttings.
For seeds, collect ripe seeds in late summer and sow them in a well-draining mix. For cuttings, take 4-6 inch stem cuttings in late spring, dip them in rooting hormone, and plant them in a moist potting mix. Keep the cuttings in a warm, humid environment until roots develop, which typically takes 4-6 weeks.
When it's unhappy
Yellow leaves
Why it happens
Over-watering or nutrient deficiency.
How to fix it
Check soil moisture levels and reduce watering frequency. Fertilize with a balanced fertilizer if nutrient deficiency is suspected.
Leaf drop
Why it happens
Under-watering or sudden temperature changes.
How to fix it
Ensure consistent watering and protect the plant from drafts and temperature fluctuations.
Browning leaf tips
Why it happens
Low humidity or over-fertilization.
How to fix it
Increase humidity levels around the plant and reduce fertilization frequency.
Root rot
Why it happens
Poor drainage or over-watering.
How to fix it
Improve soil drainage and reduce watering frequency. If root rot is severe, consider repotting into fresh soil.
Pest infestations (e.g., aphids, spider mites)
Why it happens
Dry conditions or overcrowding.
How to fix it
Maintain adequate humidity and air circulation. Treat infestations with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Care through the year
Spring
In spring, resume regular watering and fertilization as the plant begins to grow. Monitor for pests and prune any dead or damaged branches.
Summer
During summer, ensure the plant receives adequate water, especially in hot weather. Mulch around the base to retain moisture and reduce weeds.
Fall
In fall, gradually reduce watering as the plant prepares for dormancy. Fertilize less frequently and check for any signs of pests before winter.
Winter
In winter, protect the plant from frost and harsh winds. Water sparingly, allowing the soil to dry out more between waterings.
Toxicity & Safety
Eucommia ulmoides is considered non-toxic to pets and children. However, ingestion of large quantities may cause mild digestive upset. Always consult a medical professional if ingestion occurs.
Good to know
How often should I water my Eucommia ulmoides?
Water your Eucommia ulmoides deeply once a week during the growing season, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings.
What light conditions are best for Du Zhong?
Eucommia ulmoides thrives in full sun to partial shade, ideally receiving at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal growth.
What type of soil is best for Eucommia ulmoides?
A well-draining soil mix with a pH of 6.0 to 7.5 is ideal. A combination of loamy soil, sand, and organic matter works best.
When is the best time to prune my Du Zhong?
Prune Eucommia ulmoides in late winter or early spring before new growth begins to encourage bushier growth and improve air circulation.
How can I propagate Eucommia ulmoides?
You can propagate Eucommia ulmoides through seeds or stem cuttings. For seeds, sow them in well-draining mix; for cuttings, use 4-6 inch stems in moist potting mix.
What are the signs of nutrient deficiency in Du Zhong?
Signs of nutrient deficiency include yellowing leaves (nitrogen), poor growth (phosphorus), and leaf drop (potassium).
Is Eucommia ulmoides safe for pets?
Yes, Eucommia ulmoides is non-toxic to pets and children, making it a safe choice for households with animals.
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