African Plum
Dacryodes Edulis
Dacryodes edulis, commonly known as African Plum or Safou, is a tropical fruit tree native to West Africa. Renowned for its delicious fruit and attractive foliage, it thrives in warm climates and is valued for its nutritional benefits. People grow it for both ornamental and culinary purposes, making it a unique addition to gardens.
Everything it needs
9 essentials at a glance
Watering
Dacryodes edulis prefers consistently moist soil, requiring watering every 1-2 weeks depending on the season and climate.
During the growing season (spring and summer), water more frequently, ensuring the top inch of soil remains damp. In winter, reduce watering to once every 2-3 weeks. Signs of over-watering include yellowing leaves and root rot, while under-watering may cause wilting and leaf drop.
Light
This plant thrives in full sun to partial shade, ideally receiving 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily.
It can tolerate some shade, especially in hotter climates, but too much shade can hinder fruit production. Ideal placement includes a south-facing location or near a window with ample sunlight.
Soil
Dacryodes edulis prefers well-draining, loamy soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5.
A recommended potting mix includes a combination of peat, perlite, and compost to ensure proper drainage while retaining some moisture. Good drainage is essential to prevent root rot.
Humidity
This plant enjoys moderate to high humidity levels, ideally between 50-70%.
To increase humidity, consider misting the leaves or placing a humidity tray filled with water and pebbles beneath the pot. Signs of humidity stress include browning leaf tips and curling leaves.
Temperature
Dacryodes edulis thrives in temperatures between 70-85°F (21-29°C) and is hardy in USDA zones 10-12.
It can tolerate brief periods of heat but is sensitive to frost, so protect it from temperatures below 32°F (0°C). During winter, maintain a stable temperature to prevent stress.
Fertilizing
Use a balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or 14-14-14.
Fertilize every 4-6 weeks during the growing season, and reduce to once every 2-3 months in winter. Signs of nutrient deficiency include yellowing leaves (nitrogen), poor fruit set (phosphorus), and stunted growth (potassium).
Pruning
Prune Dacryodes edulis in late winter or early spring to shape the plant and remove any dead or diseased branches.
Use clean, sharp pruning shears to make clean cuts. Regular pruning encourages better air circulation and light penetration, promoting healthier growth and fruit production.
Repotting
Repot every 2-3 years or when the roots outgrow the current pot.
Signs it needs repotting include roots growing out of the drainage holes or stunted growth. Choose a pot 1-2 inches larger in diameter, and gently loosen the roots before placing it in fresh potting mix.
Propagation
Propagation can be achieved through seeds or air layering.
For seeds, collect ripe fruit, extract the seeds, and plant them in a well-draining mix. Keep the soil moist and warm until germination occurs, which can take several weeks. Air layering involves wounding a branch, applying rooting hormone, and wrapping it in moist sphagnum moss until roots develop.
When it's unhappy
Yellow leaves
Why it happens
Usually caused by over-watering or nutrient deficiency.
How to fix it
Check soil moisture levels and adjust watering accordingly. If nutrient deficiency is suspected, apply a balanced fertilizer.
Root rot
Why it happens
Excess moisture in the soil leading to fungal infections.
How to fix it
Ensure proper drainage, reduce watering, and consider repotting into fresh, dry soil.
Browning leaf tips
Why it happens
Low humidity or over-fertilization.
How to fix it
Increase humidity levels around the plant and reduce fertilizer application.
Poor fruit production
Why it happens
Insufficient light or nutrient imbalance.
How to fix it
Ensure the plant receives adequate sunlight and fertilize regularly to promote healthy growth.
Wilting leaves
Why it happens
Under-watering or sudden temperature changes.
How to fix it
Check soil moisture and adjust watering frequency. Protect the plant from extreme temperature fluctuations.
Care through the year
Spring
In spring, increase watering frequency as the plant begins to actively grow. Fertilize every 4-6 weeks to support new growth and fruit development.
Summer
During summer, ensure the plant receives full sun and adequate moisture. Monitor for pests and increase humidity if necessary to prevent stress.
Fall
In fall, gradually reduce watering as the plant prepares for dormancy. Continue to fertilize until late fall, then stop for the winter.
Winter
In winter, reduce watering to every 2-3 weeks and maintain stable temperatures. Protect the plant from frost and avoid fertilizing until spring.
Toxicity & Safety
Dacryodes edulis is considered non-toxic to pets and children. However, ingestion of large quantities of the fruit may cause mild gastrointestinal upset. Always consult a medical professional if ingestion occurs.
Good to know
How often should I water my Dacryodes edulis?
Water your Dacryodes edulis every 1-2 weeks, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings. Adjust frequency based on seasonal changes.
What light conditions are best for African Plum trees?
Dacryodes edulis thrives in full sun to partial shade, ideally receiving 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal growth and fruit production.
How can I increase humidity for my Bush Butter Tree?
To increase humidity, mist the leaves regularly, use a humidity tray, or place a humidifier nearby to maintain moisture levels around the plant.
When is the best time to prune Dacryodes edulis?
Prune your African Plum tree in late winter or early spring to shape the plant and remove any dead or diseased branches for better growth.
What type of soil is best for Dacryodes edulis?
This plant prefers well-draining, loamy soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5. A mix of peat, perlite, and compost works well.
How do I propagate Dacryodes edulis?
You can propagate Dacryodes edulis through seeds or air layering. For seeds, extract and plant them in a well-draining mix, keeping the soil moist.
What are the signs of nutrient deficiency in African Plum trees?
Signs of nutrient deficiency include yellowing leaves (nitrogen), poor fruit set (phosphorus), and stunted growth (potassium). Regular fertilization helps prevent these issues.
Grows well with
Track this plant in your garden.
Set care reminders, log growth, and join a community of plant lovers.