Crassula perforata
Crassula perforata
Crassula perforata, known as string of buttons, is a captivating succulent with unique, stacked leaves resembling buttons. Native to South Africa, it is popular for its low maintenance and striking appearance, making it a favorite among succulent enthusiasts.
Everything it needs
9 essentials at a glance
Watering
Crassula perforata, commonly known as string of buttons, prefers to dry out between waterings.
Water thoroughly when the top inch of soil feels dry, typically every 2-3 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer) and less frequently in fall and winter. Signs of over-watering include yellowing leaves and mushy stems, while under-watering may cause shriveling and leaf drop.
Light
This succulent thrives in bright, indirect light but can tolerate some direct sunlight.
Ideally, place it near a south or west-facing window where it can receive 6-8 hours of light daily. It can adapt to partial shade but may become leggy if light is insufficient.
Soil
Crassula perforata prefers well-draining soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0.
A cactus or succulent potting mix is recommended, or you can create your own by mixing regular potting soil with sand and perlite to enhance drainage.
Humidity
This plant thrives in low to moderate humidity levels, ideally between 30-50%.
To increase humidity, you can mist the plant occasionally or place it on a pebble tray with water. Signs of humidity stress include leaf curling and browning edges.
Temperature
Crassula perforata prefers temperatures between 65-80°F (18-27°C) and is hardy in USDA zones 9-11.
It can tolerate brief periods of cooler temperatures down to 50°F (10°C) but should be protected from frost.
Fertilizing
Use a balanced, diluted liquid fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 during the growing season, every 4-6 weeks.
Reduce or stop fertilizing in fall and winter. Signs of nutrient deficiency include stunted growth and pale leaves.
Pruning
Prune Crassula perforata in early spring to maintain its shape and remove any dead or damaged leaves.
Use clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears. Deadheading is not necessary, but removing spent leaves can promote healthier growth.
Repotting
Repot every 2-3 years or when the plant outgrows its pot, typically in spring.
Choose a pot 1-2 inches larger in diameter. Signs it needs repotting include roots growing out of the drainage holes and stunted growth. To repot, gently remove the plant from its pot, shake off excess soil, and place it in the new pot with fresh soil.
Propagation
Propagation can be done through stem cuttings or leaf cuttings.
For stem cuttings, cut a healthy stem with several leaves, let it callous for 1-2 days, then plant it in well-draining soil. Leaf cuttings can be placed directly on the soil surface. Best timing is during the growing season, spring or early summer.
When it's unhappy
Yellow leaves
Why it happens
Over-watering or poor drainage
How to fix it
Allow the soil to dry out completely and ensure the pot has drainage holes.
Leggy growth
Why it happens
Insufficient light
How to fix it
Move the plant to a brighter location to encourage compact growth.
Leaf drop
Why it happens
Under-watering or sudden temperature changes
How to fix it
Water the plant thoroughly and maintain stable temperatures.
Brown leaf tips
Why it happens
Low humidity or over-fertilization
How to fix it
Increase humidity levels and reduce fertilizer application.
Root rot
Why it happens
Over-watering and poor drainage
How to fix it
Remove the plant from the pot, trim away rotten roots, and repot in fresh, dry soil.
Care through the year
Spring
In spring, increase watering as the plant enters its active growth phase. Fertilize every 4-6 weeks with a balanced fertilizer.
Summer
During summer, ensure the plant receives plenty of bright light and maintain a consistent watering schedule, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings.
Fall
In fall, gradually reduce watering as the plant's growth slows. Stop fertilizing and prepare the plant for cooler temperatures.
Winter
In winter, keep the plant in a warm location and water sparingly. Ensure it receives enough light, as it may need supplemental light if days are short.
Toxicity & Safety
Crassula perforata is considered non-toxic to pets and children. However, ingestion of large quantities may cause mild gastrointestinal upset. Always monitor pets around plants.
Good to know
Why are my Crassula perforata leaves turning yellow?
Yellow leaves on your Crassula perforata can indicate over-watering or poor drainage. Ensure the soil dries out between waterings and check that the pot has adequate drainage.
How often should I water my Crassula perforata?
Water your Crassula perforata every 2-3 weeks during the growing season, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out completely before watering again.
What type of soil is best for Crassula perforata?
Crassula perforata thrives in well-draining soil with a pH of 6.0 to 7.0. A cactus or succulent mix is ideal, or you can create your own by mixing potting soil with sand and perlite.
Can I propagate Crassula perforata from cuttings?
Yes, you can propagate Crassula perforata from stem or leaf cuttings. Allow the cuttings to callous for a few days before planting them in well-draining soil.
What should I do if my Crassula perforata is leggy?
Leggy growth usually indicates insufficient light. Move your plant to a brighter location to encourage denser growth and prevent stretching.
Is Crassula perforata toxic to pets?
No, Crassula perforata is considered non-toxic to both pets and children. However, ingestion of large amounts may cause mild gastrointestinal upset.
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