Red-barked Dogwood
Cornus alba · Siberian Dogwood · White DogwoodUSDA | Grow Zone
3-8Outdoors all year in zones 3 to 8. Anywhere colder, keep it as a houseplant.
- Light
- Full sun to partial shade
- Water
- Deeply once a week
- Humidity
- 40-60%
- Temperature
- 60-75°F
- Difficulty
- Beginner
- Growth
- Moderate
- Mature size
- 6-10 ft tall
- Pets
- Non-toxic to pets
Cornus alba, commonly known as the Red-barked Dogwood, is prized for its striking red stems and vibrant foliage. Native to Asia and Europe, this hardy shrub adds color and interest to gardens year-round, making it a popular choice for landscape design.
Ask Vesper about Red-barked Dogwood
Ideal temperature
60-75°F is where it grows fastest.
Spacing and harvest
- Mature size
- 6-10 ft tall
- Plant apart
- 60-72 in
- Frost
- Hardy: survives frost
Everything it needs
9 essentials at a glance
Watering
Cornus alba prefers consistently moist soil, especially during the growing season.
Water the plant deeply once a week, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings. In hotter months, increase frequency to twice a week. Signs of over-watering include yellowing leaves and root rot, while under-watering may cause wilting and leaf drop.
Light
This plant thrives in full sun to partial shade, ideally receiving at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily.
In hotter climates, some afternoon shade can help prevent leaf scorch. It tolerates a range of light conditions but will produce the most vibrant bark color in full sun.
Soil
Cornus alba prefers well-draining, loamy soil with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.0.
A mix of peat, compost, and perlite is ideal for potting. Ensure good drainage to prevent waterlogging, which can lead to root rot.
Humidity
This dogwood prefers moderate humidity levels around 40-60%.
To increase humidity, mist the leaves regularly or place a humidity tray filled with water and pebbles beneath the pot. Signs of low humidity include browning leaf tips and leaf drop.
Temperature
Cornus alba thrives in temperatures between 60-75°F (15-24°C) and is hardy in USDA zones 3-8.
It can tolerate cold temperatures down to -30°F (-34°C) but may struggle in extreme heat, so provide some shade during hot summer months.
Fertilizing
Use a balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or similar in early spring as new growth begins.
Fertilize every 4-6 weeks during the growing season. Signs of nutrient deficiency include stunted growth and pale leaves.
Pruning
Prune Cornus alba in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.
Use sharp, clean pruning shears to remove dead or damaged branches and to shape the plant. Regular pruning encourages vibrant new growth and enhances the plant's overall appearance.
Repotting
Repot every 2-3 years or when the roots outgrow the pot.
Signs that it needs repotting include roots growing out of the drainage holes and stunted growth. Choose a pot 1-2 inches larger in diameter and follow these steps: gently remove the plant from its pot, loosen any tightly bound roots, place it in the new pot with fresh soil, and water thoroughly.
Propagation
This plant can be propagated through stem cuttings, division, or seeds.
For stem cuttings, take 4-6 inch cuttings in late spring or early summer, dip in rooting hormone, and plant in a moist potting mix. Keep the cuttings in a warm, humid environment until roots develop. Division can be done in early spring when the plant is actively growing.
When it's unhappy
Leaf Spot
Why it happens
Fungal infection due to high humidity and poor air circulation.
How to fix it
Improve air circulation around the plant, avoid overhead watering, and apply a fungicide if necessary.
Powdery Mildew
Why it happens
High humidity and lack of sunlight.
How to fix it
Ensure adequate sunlight and airflow, and treat with fungicides if the problem persists.
Root Rot
Why it happens
Over-watering and poorly draining soil.
How to fix it
Allow the soil to dry out between waterings and ensure proper drainage; consider repotting if necessary.
Browning Leaf Tips
Why it happens
Low humidity levels.
How to fix it
Increase humidity by misting the leaves or using a humidity tray.
Stunted Growth
Why it happens
Nutrient deficiency or poor soil quality.
How to fix it
Fertilize with a balanced fertilizer and ensure the plant is in nutrient-rich soil.
Care through the year
Spring
In spring, prune to shape the plant and encourage new growth. Fertilize with a balanced fertilizer as new growth begins.
Summer
During summer, ensure consistent watering, especially in hot weather. Monitor for pests and diseases, and provide some shade if temperatures soar.
Fall
In fall, reduce watering as the plant prepares for dormancy. Mulch around the base to protect roots from frost.
Winter
In winter, protect the plant from extreme cold and heavy snow. Avoid heavy pruning during this time.
Toxicity & Safety
Cornus alba is non-toxic to pets and children, making it a safe choice for gardens. However, ingestion of large quantities may cause mild gastrointestinal upset.
Good to know
Why are my Cornus alba leaves turning yellow?
Yellowing leaves can indicate over-watering or nutrient deficiency. Check the soil moisture and consider fertilizing if the soil is too dry.
How often should I water my Red-barked Dogwood?
Water deeply once a week, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out. Increase frequency during hot weather to twice a week.
What is the best soil for Siberian Dogwood?
Cornus alba thrives in well-draining, loamy soil with a pH of 5.5 to 7.0. A mix of peat, compost, and perlite works well.
When should I prune my White Dogwood?
Prune in late winter or early spring before new growth begins to maintain shape and encourage vibrant new growth.
How can I propagate Cornus alba?
You can propagate it through stem cuttings taken in late spring or early summer, or by division in early spring.
What pests affect Red-barked Dogwood?
Common pests include aphids and spider mites. Regularly inspect your plant and treat infestations with insecticidal soap.
Is Cornus alba safe for pets?
Yes, Cornus alba is non-toxic to both pets and children, making it a safe addition to your garden.
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