March Lily
Amaryllis belladonna · Belladonna LilyUSDA | Grow Zone
8-10Outdoors all year in zones 8 to 10. Anywhere colder, keep it as a houseplant. Protect it below 32°F.
- Light
- Full sun to partial shade
- Water
- When top inch is dry
- Humidity
- 40-60%
- Temperature
- 60-75°F (15-24°C)
- Difficulty
- Intermediate
- Growth
- Moderate
- Mature size
- 2-3 ft tall, 1-2 ft wide
- Pets
- Toxic to pets and humans
Amaryllis belladonna, commonly known as March Lily or Belladonna Lily, is a stunning perennial bulb native to South Africa. Its beautiful, trumpet-shaped flowers bloom in late summer, making it a favorite among gardeners for its striking appearance and low maintenance needs.
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Ideal temperature
60-75°F is where it grows fastest. Below 32°F cold damage starts.
Spacing and harvest
- Mature size
- 2-3 ft tall, 1-2 ft wide
- Plant apart
- 12-24 in
- Frost
- Half hardy: light frost only
Everything it needs
9 essentials at a glance
Watering
Amaryllis belladonna prefers to be watered thoroughly but infrequently.
Water the plant when the top inch of soil feels dry, typically every 1-2 weeks during the growing season. Reduce watering in the dormant period, usually in late summer and fall. Signs of over-watering include yellowing leaves and root rot, while under-watering may cause wilting and leaf drop.
Light
This plant thrives in full sun to partial shade, ideally receiving 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily.
A south or west-facing location is best, but it can tolerate some afternoon shade in hotter climates. Ensure it has bright light for optimal blooming and growth.
Soil
Amaryllis belladonna prefers well-draining soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0.
A mix of potting soil, sand, and perlite works well to enhance drainage. Avoid heavy soils that retain moisture, as this can lead to bulb rot.
Humidity
This plant enjoys moderate humidity levels, ideally around 40-60%.
To increase humidity, you can mist the leaves or place a tray of water near the plant. Signs of low humidity include browning leaf tips and stunted growth.
Temperature
Amaryllis belladonna prefers temperatures between 60-75°F (15-24°C) and is hardy in USDA zones 8-10.
It can tolerate brief periods of cold but should be protected from frost. During the growing season, maintain consistent temperatures for optimal growth.
Fertilizing
Use a balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 during the growing season, applying every 4-6 weeks.
Reduce fertilization during dormancy. Signs of nutrient deficiency include yellowing leaves and poor flowering.
Pruning
Prune Amaryllis belladonna after the flowering period, removing spent flowers and any dead or yellowing leaves.
Use clean, sharp scissors to avoid damaging the plant. This helps promote healthy growth and prepares the plant for dormancy.
Repotting
Repot every 2-3 years or when the bulbs outgrow their container, typically in spring.
Choose a pot that is 1-2 inches larger in diameter. Signs that it needs repotting include roots growing out of the drainage holes and stunted growth. Gently remove the bulb, refresh the soil, and replant.
Propagation
Propagation can be achieved through bulb division or offsets.
The best time to propagate is in late summer after the plant has finished blooming. Carefully dig up the bulbs, separate the offsets, and replant them in well-draining soil at the same depth as the parent bulb.
When it's unhappy
Yellow leaves
Why it happens
This can be caused by over-watering or nutrient deficiency.
How to fix it
Check the soil moisture and reduce watering if necessary. Fertilize with a balanced fertilizer to address nutrient issues.
Root rot
Why it happens
Root rot occurs due to excessive moisture and poor drainage.
How to fix it
Ensure proper drainage and reduce watering frequency. If root rot is present, remove the bulb, trim away affected roots, and replant in fresh soil.
Poor flowering
Why it happens
Insufficient light or nutrient deficiency can lead to poor flowering.
How to fix it
Ensure the plant receives adequate sunlight and fertilize regularly during the growing season.
Browning leaf tips
Why it happens
This is often a sign of low humidity or underwatering.
How to fix it
Increase humidity by misting or using a humidity tray, and ensure the plant is watered adequately.
Wilting leaves
Why it happens
Wilting can indicate underwatering or root issues.
How to fix it
Check soil moisture levels and water thoroughly if the soil is dry. Inspect roots for any signs of rot.
Care through the year
Spring
In spring, resume regular watering and fertilizing as the plant begins to grow actively. Monitor for pests and ensure it receives adequate sunlight.
Summer
During summer, keep the soil consistently moist but not soggy. Provide full sun and watch for signs of stress due to heat.
Fall
In fall, reduce watering as the plant prepares for dormancy. Allow the foliage to die back naturally before cutting it back.
Winter
In winter, keep the plant in a cool, dry place and reduce watering significantly. This dormant period is crucial for the plant's health.
Toxicity & Safety
Amaryllis belladonna is toxic to pets and humans if ingested. The bulbs and leaves contain compounds that can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Keep this plant out of reach of children and pets.
Good to know
How often should I water my Amaryllis belladonna?
Water your Amaryllis belladonna every 1-2 weeks during the growing season, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings.
Why are my Amaryllis belladonna leaves turning yellow?
Yellow leaves can indicate over-watering or a nutrient deficiency. Check the soil moisture and consider fertilizing if needed.
When should I repot my Amaryllis belladonna?
Repot your Amaryllis belladonna every 2-3 years or when you notice roots growing out of the drainage holes, typically in spring.
What is the ideal light for Amaryllis belladonna?
Amaryllis belladonna thrives in full sun to partial shade, ideally receiving 6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal growth.
How can I propagate Amaryllis belladonna?
You can propagate Amaryllis belladonna by dividing bulbs or offsets in late summer after blooming. Replant them in well-draining soil.
What temperature does Amaryllis belladonna prefer?
Amaryllis belladonna prefers temperatures between 60-75°F (15-24°C) and is hardy in USDA zones 8-10.
Is Amaryllis belladonna toxic to pets?
Yes, Amaryllis belladonna is toxic to pets and humans if ingested, particularly the bulbs and leaves, which can cause nausea and vomiting.
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